What is the primary goal of the secondary treatment process in wastewater treatment?

The primary goal of the secondary treatment process in wastewater treatment is to further reduce organic matter and pollutants. This stage primarily focuses on the biological degradation of organic materials that remain after the primary treatment, where larger solids are removed.

During secondary treatment, microorganisms, such as bacteria, are utilized to break down remaining organic matter in the wastewater. This biological process significantly reduces the levels of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS), leading to cleaner effluent. Achieving a lower concentration of organic matter is crucial, as it helps prevent pollution in receiving waters and protects aquatic ecosystems.

While options mentioning the removal of fats and oils, eliminating coarse solids, and preparing water for discharge are important aspects of wastewater treatment, they do not capture the specific intent of secondary treatment. The emphasis at this stage is on the biological reduction of organic pollutants that may still be present after primary treatment, making option C the most accurate representation of secondary treatment's primary goal.